Sandbox

= Courts of Vali (Courts of the Vali Republic) =

Geographic-based jurisdiction

 * Trial Courts: Vali sector courts (75 in total, 6 per state district and 3 for the Federal Territory)
 * List of Vali sector courts
 * High Courts: Vali high courts (13 in total)
 * High Court of Andris
 * High Court of Androla
 * High Court of Beta Pindola
 * High Court of Constar
 * High Court of Dagola
 * High Court of Dymapa
 * High Court of Eta Solus
 * High Court of Galene
 * High Court of Gatopea
 * High Court of Hellemus
 * High Court of Pindares
 * High Court of Siris
 * High Court of Solace
 * High Court of Tau Dalmus
 * High Court of Terekos
 * High Court of Terrantin
 * High Court of the Federal Territory
 * Court of last resort*
 * Supreme Court of the Republic

Specific subject-matter jurisdiction

 * Original jurisdiction
 * Special Claims and Appellate Tribunal
 * Federal Taxation and Revenue Tribunal
 * Patent Registration and Adjudication Tribunal
 * Federal Trade Tribunal
 * Intergalactic Trade Tribunal
 * Federal Claims Tribunal
 * State Security Tribunal
 * Trademark Appeals Tribunal
 * Federal Bar Tribunal
 * Appellate jurisdiction
 * Federal High Tribunal (not to be confused with the Supreme Court)
 * Homeland Security Forces Appellate Tribunal
 * Army Appellate Tribunal
 * Navy Appellate Tribunal
 * Air Force Appellate Tribunal
 * Special Forces Appellate Tribunal
 * Immigration Review Tribunal


 * The Supreme Court of the Republic is almost always the court of last resort. There are, however, a handful of scenarios where it may exercise original jurisdiction. These scenarios include intrastate disputes (lawsuits between two states) and disputes between a state and a foreign country, among others.

State
The Federal Territory is excluded as it is run by the federal government and is not, as such, a state.

The Constitution of the Vali Republic gives each state the general authority to maintain and set its own judicial system, with only two restrictions:


 * Each state must "establish and maintain" a court of superior authority.
 * No court in any state may be named "High Court".

Both restrictions were held to be constitutional by the Supreme Court in the case of Thonn v Republic. The Supreme Court has maintained that the first restriction is "necessary to ensure the fair structure of [the state's] judicial system", while "[the second restriction] is necessary to ensure that the federal and state judiciaries are not confused with one another". The Supreme Court further held that a court of superior authority "provides a minimum basic level of safeguarding to the rights of the state and defendant(s) alike, and [it] cannot, and should not, be abridged."

While most states follow a basic framework - trial courts, appellate courts, and one supreme court - some states do not. Andris has four appellate courts per district - the only state to do so - while Siris's supreme courts are divided into four geographic divisions. Gatopea is the only state that follows a four-tier framework (although the fourth tier is only used in special cases). All states use bench trials.

Most state supreme courts are referred to as the "Supreme Court" (or some derivative thereof), but this is by no means universal. For example, Constar and Solace use "Grand Court" (Pindares uses "Grand Appellate Tribunal"), while Beta Pindola and Hellemus use "Superior Court". The full list of names for state supreme courts is listed below.

Supreme Court By far the most common. Used by Andris (as "Supreme Court of Justice"), Androla, Dagola, Dymapa, Eta Solus, Galene, Gatopea (as "Supreme People's Court"), Siris, and Tau Dalmus.

Superior Court Used by two states: Beta Pindola and Hellemus.

Grand Court Used by two states: Constar and Solace.

Tribunal Used by three states, all as a derivative: Pindares (as "Grand Appellate Tribunal"), Terrantin (as "Great People's Tribunal"), and Terekos (as "Final Appellate Tribunal").

Andris

 * Supreme Court of Justice of Andris
 * Unified Court of Civil Appeals for the East District of Andris
 * Unified Court of Civil Appeals for the West District of Andris
 * Unified Court of Criminal Appeals for the East District of Andris
 * Unified Court of Criminal Appeals for the West District of Andris
 * District courts of Andris
 * Andris District Courts
 * Andris Circuit Courts
 * Special Court of Andris

Androla

 * Supreme Court of Androla
 * Court of Appeals for the State of Androla
 * District courts of Androla

Beta Pindola

 * Superior Court of Beta Pindola
 * Beta Pindola Court of Appeals (First Division)
 * Beta Pindola Court of Appeals (Second Division)
 * District courts of Beta Pindola
 * Municipal courts of Beta Pindola
 * Magistrate courts of Beta Pindola

Constar

 * Grand Court of Constar
 * Superior Court of Constar
 * District courts of Constar

Dagola

 * Supreme Court of Dagola
 * Courts of common pleas of Dagola
 * Municipal courts of Dagola

Dymapa

 * Supreme Court of Dymapa
 * Dymapa People's Appellate Court
 * District courts of Dymapa

Eta Solus

 * Eta Solus Supreme Court
 * Eta Solus courts of appeals
 * District courts of Eta Solus

Galene

 * Galene Supreme Court
 * Galene Court of Common Equities
 * Galene Courts of Pleas
 * Galene municipal courts

Courts

 * Supreme People's Court of Gatopea
 * Gatopea Courts of Corporation and Taxation
 * Gatopea Courts of Appeal
 * Magistrate courts of Gatopea
 * Circuit courts of Gatopea
 * Courts of the peace of Gatopea

Special tribunals

 * State Bar Tribunal
 * Special Tribunal of State Affairs

Hellemus

 * Superior Court of Hellemus
 * Supreme Court of Appeals of Hellemus
 * Hellemus district courts

Pindares

 * Grand Appellate Tribunal of Pindares
 * Pindares Court of Civil Appeals
 * Pindares Court of Criminal Appeals
 * District courts of Pindares

Siris

 * Supreme Court of Siris (four divisions)
 * Circuit courts of Siris (eight divisions)
 * District courts of Siris

Solace

 * Grand Court of Solace
 * Supreme Appellate Tribunal
 * Circuit courts of Solace

Tau Dalmus

 * Supreme Court of Tau Dalmus
 * Superior Appeals Court of Tau Dalmus
 * District courts of Tau Dalmus

Terekos

 * Final Appellate Tribunal of Terekos
 * Circuit courts of Terekos
 * Magistrate courts of Terekos

Terrantin

 * Great People's Tribunal of Terrantin
 * Great People's Appellate Tribunal of Terrantin
 * Superior People's Circuit Courts of Terrantin
 * People's District Courts of Terrantin